Baekje (百濟) (18 BC - 660 AD) was one of the three kingdoms of Korea along with Silla and Goguryeo.
Baekje was founded by King Onjo in 18 B.C.
백제의 수도 이전
고대사회에서 도읍은 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화의 중심지이다.
수도 이전은, 지배 세력의 변화와도 밀접하게 관련되어 있다.
In ancient societies, ,the capital were the political, economic, social, and cultural centers.
Shifting of the capital are closely associated with changes in ruling power.
공주 천도 (475 - 538) : 5세기 고구려 남진 정책(장수왕) VS 개로왕
King Zagnsu of Gogurye was eager to expanded his territory to the south
Baekje lost Seoul to Gogurye in 475 and retreated to south Ungjin(Present day Gongju)
It became the capital form 475 to 538.
This new capital was close to Silla, forming a military alliance against Goguryeo.
사비 천도 (538) : 제26대 왕, 성왕(523-554)
in 538 King Sung moved the capital to Sabi(Present day Buyeo)
무령왕릉 (공주)
This fortress is the key facilities to defend the capital city.
It is a combination of two type of fortress which are built like a band on the top of the mountain and built along the valley and ridges.
태뫼식 산성: 산 정상부에 띠를 두르듯이 축조된 산성을 의미한다. 비상시 피난처로의 역할이 강하며 산 정상부의 특성상 면적이 좁고 물을 구할 수 없다는 약점이 있어 장기적인 농성전은 불가능하다는 단점이 있다.
It means a fortress built like a band on the top of the mountain.
It has a strong role as a refuge in an emergency and that a long-term sit-in war is impossible due to the narrow area and the inability to obtain water.
포곡식 산성: 골짜기를 끼고 주변 산 정상부와 능선을 따라 축조된 산성. 주변 산 능선부를 따라 축조되다보니 당연히 대규모 산성이 되고 성이 끼고 있는 골짜기에서 물을 구할 수 있기 때문에 식량만 충분하다면 장기적인 농성이 가능하여 평시에도 군사 거점으로 사용되는 경우가 많다.
The fortress built along the valley and along the ridges of the surrounding mountains. Since it is built along the ridges of the surrounding mountains, it naturally becomes a large-scale fortress and water can be obtained from the valleys surrounding the castle, so long-term sit-ins are possible if there is enough food, and it is often used as a military base during peacetime.
낙화암: 부소산 북쪽 백마강을 향해 우뚝 서 있는 큰 바위로 50m 절벽을 이루고 있는 구간,
It is a large rock that stands tall toward the Baekma River.
삼천궁녀: 백제가 멸망할 때 궁인들이 화를 피하지 못하고 이 바위에 올라 몸을 던져 순절했다. 훗날 사람들이 궁인을 꽃에 비유하여 붙여지 이름이 낙화암이다. 1929년 궁인들의 넋을 추모하기 위해 이 백화정을 세웠다.
When Baekje Falls, the court ladies couldn’t escape and ran to this rock and threw themselves to death. Later, people compared the court ladies to a flower, so the name of this place became Nakhwaam. In 1929, the Baekhwajeong Pavilion was built to hope the souls of the court ladies rest in peace.
• 삼가 고인의 명복을 빈다.
주어 hope 돌아가신 사람 rest in peace.
Pray for the bliss of dead
금동대항로(능산리 고분)
Gold bronze technology is highly developed.
신선 a Taoist hermit with super-natural power or sage
왕궁리
There is no direct record of the palace site of Baekje.
김정호의 책 『대동지지』 익산별도
일본 청렴원에서 발견된 『관세음응험기』에서 백제 무왕의 천도 기록이 남아있다.
It was identified through excavation here was built in 30th king of Bakje kingdom.
Here is devided into three distriction.
one is offical working place,
another is the living quarters of the royal family
the other is back qarden to rest.
Roundworm eggs were found on this stick.
▷ build earthen ramparts[fortifications] 토성을 쌓다.
미륵사지
Buddism became official state religion in 384.